Text | tekst

The frontispiece. Topped by the Royal Crest, with a stylised map below the title.
ðə fruntispiis. topəð bai ðə roiəl krest, wið a staiəlaizəð map biloʊ ðə taitəl.

National Grid            101

Ordnance Survey

New Popular Edition
One-Inch Map
of England & Wales
Manchester
Sheet 101

Published 1947
Full Revision 1919 with later corrections

[cities and towns depicted on map, north to south
sitiiyiz and taʊniz dipiktəð on map, noəθ tə saʊθ]

• Ramsbottom
• Horwich
• Bury
• Rochdale
• Bolton
• Oldham
• Manchester
• Salford
• Warrington
• Stockport
• Altrincham
• Knutsford
• Alderley Edge

Price (Paper) Two Shillings & Threepence

The colophon. Around an image of Great Britain (with an inset of the Orkney and Shetland Islands), with a grid of tesselating and overlapping rectangles to show which maps in the series apply to which areas.
ðə koləfon. araʊnd an imij ov greit britən (wið an inset of ðiiʸ ʊəkniiʸ and ʃetlənd ailəndiz), wið a grid ov teseleitiŋᵍ and oʊvə-lapiŋᵍ rektaŋgəliz tə ʃoʊ wic mapiz in ðə siəriiz aplai tə wic eəriiyəriz.

“One-Inch” Ordnance Maps of Great Britain

Sheet Lines of the Scottish Popular and English New Popular Editions.

The open figures in RED represent the 100 km. squares of the National Grid
Published by Authority of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries

The interior of the card | ðiiʸ intiəriiəʳ ov ðə kaəd

National Grid

The National Grid is a reference system which enables the position of any point to be defined and recorded.

The method adopted is as follows :—A point, a little to the South-West of Land's End, is adopted as the “origin” of the grid. The position of any point is then defined by the distances (as measured on the map in metres) East and North of the origin. These distances, or co-ordinates, are known as Eastings and Northings.

The National Grid is a series of lines drawn parallel and at right angles to an approximate North-South line through the origin O (see Diagram II.) so as to form squares. These squares, when printed on a map, will have sides 10 kms., 1 km., or 100 metres long according to the scale of the map.

Diagram II. shows only squares of 100 km. sides.

The Reference System

Let the position of a point P in London be, to the nearest metre, E538932, N177061, (see Diagram I.) Such a reference is, however, too clumsy for ordinary use.

Its length can be reduced in three ways :—

(a)   If Eastings are always given before Northings the letters E and N can be dropped :—
 ̷E538932   ̷N177061

(b)   For most purposes it is sufficient to know the position to the nearest 100 metres. The last two figures in both Eastings and Northings, which represent tens and units of metres, can be dropped :—
 ̷E5389 ̷3 ̷2   ̷N1770 ̷6 ̷1

(c)   If the district in which the point lies is known, as would be the case of a house in the London area, or if a particular map sheet is referred to, the first figure of both Eastings and Northings, which represents hundreds of kilometres, can be dropped. The remaining figures will only be repeated in the case of a point 100 kms. distant.   The reference becomes :— ̷E ̷5389 ̷3 ̷2   ̷N ̷1770 ̷6 ̷1

The figures which are now left, namely 389770, are known as the “NORMAL NATIONAL GRID REFERENCE” of the point P. They are the figures shown in larger type in Diagram I.

To provide Unique References for the Orkney & Shetland Isles, which lie more than 1000 km. North of the origin, the prefix N is given to their 100 km. grid square co-ordinates to distinguish them from corresponding grid squares covering Southern England.

Full National Grid References

For some purposes it is necessary to identify the point in the country as a whole. Such cases will occur in the compilation of gazetteers or tables of statistics. In this case the Normal Reference is not a suifficient identification since identical references occur at 100 km. intervals. It is accordingly necessary to specify the 100 km. square in which the point lies, and this may conveniently be done by quoting the number of hundreds of kilometres of the Eastings and Northings of the South-West corner of the square in which the point lies. This has the effect of dividing the whole country into a system of numbered squares inside each of which the Normal National Grid Reference is unique (see Diagram II. in which Square 51 containing London is shown shaded).

The reference given above would now become 51/389770. This is known as the “FULL NATIONAL GRID REFERENCE” of the point P.

Where it is unnecessary to identify the position of a point with a greater accuracy than the nearest kilometre, the figures denoting tenths of kilometres may be omitted, thus :—E538932, N177061 will become 3877, or, more frequently 51/3877. These are known as the “NORMAL KILOMETRE” and “FULL KILOMETRE” references respectively.

References on the One-Inch Map

On one-inch maps the grid lines are spaced and numbered at kilometre intervals. The large figures in the margins accordingly give “Normal Kilometre” references.Normal National References are obtainable by estimating tenths between the grid lines. An example of the method of reading such a reference is given in the South margin of each map.

It should be noted that each kilometre square on this map covers the same area as one of the forthcoming Ordnance Survey 1/2,500 plan which will be numbered by the Full Kilometre references of their South-West corners. Consequently, the one-inch map is a complete index to the new 1/2,500 series.

Further information about the National Grid may be obtained by applying to The Director General, Ordnance Survey, Chessington, Surrey, whose Full National Grid Reference is 51/176628.

Left of the map, with a diagram to indicate a compass.
left ov ðə map, wið a daiəgram tʊʊʷ indikeit a kumpəs.

Magnetic Varⁿ⋅
11°17'W. 1ˢᵗ⋅ Jan. 1947

Magnetic Varⁿ⋅
11°14'W. 1ˢᵗ⋅ Jan. 1947

Right of the map, with a diagram to indicate a compass.
rait ov ðə map, wið a daiəgram tʊʊʷ indikeit a kumpəs.

Magnetic Varⁿ⋅
10°57'W. 1ˢᵗ⋅ Jan. 1947

Magnetic Varⁿ⋅
10°54'W. 1ˢᵗ⋅ Jan. 1947

Legend [beneath the map, left] | lejənd [biniiθ ðə map, left]

Ministry of Transport Roads........ A.56 [above a thick red line | abuv a θik red lain]     B.5158 [above a thick orange line | abuv a θik orinj lain]
Other Motor Roads..................... [a thin orange line | a θin orinj lain]     [a thin orange line | a θin orinj lain]
    "         "          "        narrow........ Good [above a thin orange line | abuv a θin orinj lain]     Bad [above a thin clear line | abuv a θin kliə lain]

Minor Roads............. [a thin clear line | a θin kliə lain]
Bridle & Footpaths.... [a dashed line | a daʃəð lain]
Unfenced Roads are shewn by dotted lines
Gradients steeper than ⅐.... > [on a thin orange line | on a θin orinj lain]
Toll Gates........................ TOLL [above a thin orange line | abuv a θin orinj lain]
Road Mileage................... 5 [above a thin orange line | abuv a θin orinj lain]

Railways, Double Line.... [a thin black line | a θin blak lain]     Tunnel [above a thin dotted double line | abuv a θin dotəð dubəl lain]     Principal Station [above a red box | abuv a red boks]     Bridge Under [below two curves on a blue double line | biloʊ tʊʊ kuəviz on a blʊʊ dubəl lain]     Bridge Over Cutting [around an outlined feather | araʊnd an aʊt-lainəð feðə]     Level Crossing [below a red cross on a thin orange line | biloʊʷ a red kros on a θin orinj lain]     Embankment [above a feather | abuv a feðə]
    "         Single Line..... [a thin alternately black and white line | a θin oltənətlii blak and wait lain]     Viaduct [above a pair of brackets | abuv a peəʳ ov brakitiz]     Station (closed) [below a small clear circle | biloʊʷ a smoəl, kliə suəkəl]     Station [beside a small clear circle | bisaid a smoəl, kliə suəkəl]    
Mineral Lines & Tramways......... [a marked line | a maəkəð lain]
Electricity Transmission Lines.... [a line with vₛ alternating above and below it | a lain with v-iz oltəneitiŋᵍ abuv and biloʊʷ it]
(with pylons spaced conventionally)
Ferry {For Foot Passengers (F)
         {For Vehicles (V)
Pipe Lines (water)...... Arrow indicates direction of flow [above a dashed arrowed line | abuv a daʃəð aroʊwəð lain] Wood........ [irregular squiggles on a light-green background | iregyələ skwigəliz on a lait-griin bak-graʊnd]
Orchard...... [regular lollipops on a white background | regyələ loliipopiz on a wait bak-graʊnd]
Quarry....... [a marked irregular circle | a markəð iregyələ suəkəl]
Gravel Pit.... [a dashed irregular circle | a dashəð iregyələ suəkəl]
Canal [a thin, widening blue line | a θin, waidəniŋ blʊʊ lain]     Aqueduct [below a pair of brackets | biloʊʷ a peəʳ ov brakitiz]     Lock [above two arrows | abuv tʊʊʷ aroʊwiz]     Highest Point to which Tides flow [below dashed lines around the start of the widening | biloʊ daʃəð lainiz araʊnd ðə staət ov ðə waidəniŋᵍ]     Ford [beside a thin clear line | bisaid a θin kliə lain]     Sand Hills [above small smudged circles | abuv smoəl smujəð suəkəliz]     H.W.M. [below a thick line around the blue area | biloʊʷ a θik lain araʊnd ðə blʊʊʷ eəriiəʳ]     Sand & Mud [on a dirty area at the edge of the blue area | on a duətiiʸ eəriiəʳ at ðiiʸ ej ov ðə blʊʊʷ eəriiəʳ]     L.W.M. [above the “Sand & Mud” area | abuv ðə “sand & mud” eəriiəʳ]     Beacon [beside a triangle | bisaid a traiyaŋgəl]     Flat Rocks [beside a squiggly area | bisaid a skwigəliiʸ eəriiəʳ]     Cliffs [above a dashed area | abuv a daʃəð eəriiəʳ]

Church or Chapel with Tower.... [a black square with a + sign above | a blak skweə wið a + sain abuv]
     "       "       "         "    Spire..... [a black circle with a + sign above | a blak suəkəl wið a + sain abuv]
     "       "       "   without either.... [a + sign | a + sain]
Windmill...... [a crossed clear circle on a triangle | a krosəð kliə suəkəl on a traiyaŋgəl]     Windpump...... [a cross on a stand | a kros on a stand]
Lighthouse...... [a topped triangle | a topəð traiyaŋgəl]     Lightship...... [a boat with a mast | a boʊt wið a mast]
Parks & Ornamental Ground [irregular squiggles on a light-green and white background | iregyələ skwigəliz on a lait-griin and wait bak-graʊnd]
National Trust Areas N.T. [in a light-green area bounded by a dot-dashed line | in a lait-griin eəriiə baʊndəð baiʸ a dot-daʃəð lain]
Rough Pasture [a dotted area | a dotəð eəriiəʳ]
Post & Telegraph Office........... T
Post Office with Telephone.... P.t
   "        "      only........................ P
Boundaries, Parish [a grey line | a grei lain]
        "            County & Parish [a dot-dashed line | a dot-daʃəð lain]
        "           County [a dashed line | a daʃəð lain]     National [+ signs breaking a dot-dashed line | + sainiz breikiŋᵍ a dot-daʃəð lain]
Trigonometrical Point...... [a dotted triangle | a dotəð traiyaŋgəl]
Altitude...... ⋅211    Youth Hostel...... Y
Contours...... 250 [on red lines | on red lainiz]
Submarine Contours in fathoms 5 [on a blue curve | on a blʊʊ kuəv]

Beneath the map, centre | biniiθ ðə map, sentə

Scale: One Inch to One Statute Mile=¹/₆₃₃₆₀

Scale: One Centimetre to ⋅6336 of a Kilometre

Heights are in feet above Mean Sea Level. Contours are at 50 feet vertical intervals

True North at the East edge of this sheet is Grid North, and at the West edge is 0°29' E. of Grid North, and is always correct

Annual change in Magnetic Variation is about 10' E.

Beneath the map, centre-right | biniiθ ðə map, sentə-rait

THE NATIONAL GRID

To refer to a particular point :—(1) Read for each half of the reference the double figures printed in large type in the margins, which denote tens of Kilometres and Kilometres. (2) Then, to obtain reading to nearest 100 metres, estimate position of point in tenths from the grid lines, which are 1000 metres apart.

THUS TO GIVE A NORMAL NATIONAL GRID REFERENCE ON THIS SHEET.

EXAMPLE    ASHLEY STA.

East
Take west edge of square in which point lies and read the large figures printed opposite this line on north or south margins.    77
Estimate tenths Eastwards    3
773

North
Take south edge of square in which point lies and read the large figures printed opposite this line on east or west margins.    84
Estimate tenths Northwards    4
844

Reference    773844

Similar references occur at intervals of 100 Kilometres i.e.:— in each of the figured squares of the diagram.
The figure indicating the square should be added where necessary; thus as the point is in square 33 it may be referred to as 33/773844

Numbers of the adjoining Sheets and incidence of 100Km squares

The figures in the squares form part of the grid reference and have no relation to the sheet number of this series.

Beneath the map, far-right | biniiθ ðə map, faə-rait

Published by the Director General at the
ORDNANCE SURVEY OFFICE, SOUTHAMPTON 1947.
Full revision 1919 with later Corrections.

Crown Copyright Reserved

The representation on this Map of a Road, Track or Foot-
path, is no evidence of the existence of a right of way.

PRICE :— Paper,  flat 2/-,  folded  2/3;
Mounted,   folded  3/-,  dissected   5/-.
Outline Edition (flat & unmounted) 2/-.